• Rezultati Niso Bili Najdeni

Laboratorijske vaje Matematika 4

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2022

Share "Laboratorijske vaje Matematika 4"

Copied!
11
0
0

Celotno besedilo

(1)

Laboratorijske vaje Matematika 4

2. Vaja Laplaceova transformacija

B. Jurˇciˇc Zlobec1

1Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za Elektrotehniko 1000 Ljubljana, Trˇzaˇska 25, Slovenija

Matematika 4 FE, Ljubljana, 14. marec 2013

(2)

Lapalaceova transformacija

S pomoˇcjo integrala poiˇsˇci Laplaceovo transformacijo funkcije f(t) =t2

f[t_]=t^2;

Integrate[f[t] Exp[-s t],{t,0,Infinity}, Assumptions->{s>0}]

2/s^3

Poiˇsˇci Laplaceovo transformacijo funkcije f(t) s pomoˇcjo Mathematice

LaplaceTransform[f[t],t,s]}

InverseLaplaceTransform[%,s,t]

2/s^3 t^2

(3)

Laplaceova transformacija

Poiˇsˇci Laplaceovo transformacijo funkcij:

f(t) ={1,t,eat,sin(at),cos(at)}

LaplaceTransform[{1, t, t^n, Exp[a t], Sin[ a t], Cos[a t]}, t, s]

FullSimplify[Gamma[n + 1], Assumptions ->

{n \[Element] Integers, n > 0}]

{1/s, 1/s^2, s^(-1 - n) Gamma[1 + n],

1/(-a + s), a/(a^2 + s^2), s/(a^2 + s^2)}

n!

(4)

Pravila prema transformacija

Laplaceova transformacija odvoda LaplaceTransform[D[f[t],t],t,s]

-f[0] + s LaplaceTransform[f[t], t, s]

Laplaceova transformacija integrala

LaplaceTransform[Integrate[f[u],{u,0,t}],t,s]

LaplaceTransform[f[t], t, s]/s

Laplaceova transformacija konvolucije (pregiba)

LaplaceTransform[Integrate[f[u]g[t-u],{u,0,t}],t,s]

LaplaceTransform[f[t], t, s] LaplaceTransform[g[t], t, s]

(5)

Pravila za inverzno (obratno) transformacijo

Inverzna transformacija odvoda

InverseLaplaceTransform[D[F[s], s], s, t]

-t InverseLaplaceTransform[F[s], s, t]

Inverzna transformacija integrala InverseLaplaceTransform[

Integrate[F[u],{u,s,Infinity}], s, t]

InverseLaplaceTransform[F[s], s, t]/t

(6)

Izraˇ cunaj inverzno Lapaceovo transformacijo funkcije F (s ) =

(s2+1)s 2

Z ukazomInverseLaplaceTransform

InverseLaplaceTransform[s/(s^2+1)^2,s,t]

S pomoˇcjo pravila o konvoluciji

f[t_]=InverseLaplaceTransform[1/(s^2+1),s,t]}

g[t_]=InverseLaplaceTransform[s/(s^2+1),s,t]

Integrate[f[u] g[t-u],{u,0,t}]

1/2 t Sin[t]

(7)

Doloˇ ci Laplaceovo transformacijo funkcije f (t − a).

f(t−a),a>0, inf(t) =

(t 0≤t≤1 2−t 1<t≤2.

f[t_]=Piecewise[{{t,0<=t<=1},{2-t,1<t<=2}},0];

LaplaceTransform[f[t-a],t,s,

Assumptions->{a>0}]//FullSimplify (E^(-(2 + a) s) (-1 + E^s)^2)/s^2

(8)

Reˇsi diferencialno enaˇ cbo

¨

x(t) + 2 ˙x(t) + 3x(t) = sin(t), x(0) = 0, ˙x(0) = 1 LaplaceTransform[x’’[t] + 2 x’[t] + 3 x[t] ==

Sin[t], t, s] /. x[0] -> 0 /. x’[0] -> 1 Solve[%, LaplaceTransform[x[t], t, s]]

InverseLaplaceTransform[%, s, t]

(9)

Reˇsi robni problem

¨

x(t) + 2 ˙x(t) + 3x(t) = sin(t), x(0) = 0, x(1) = 1

LaplaceTransform[x’’[t] + 2 x’[t] + 3 x[t]==Sin[t], t, s]/. x[0] -> 0 /. x’[0] -> a

Solve[%, LaplaceTransform[x[t], t, s]]

f = InverseLaplaceTransform[%, s, t]

Solve[(x[t] /. % /. t -> 1) == 1, a] // N f /. % /. t -> 2

(10)

Naloge:

Reˇsi diferencialno enaˇcbo

¨

x(t) + 2 ˙x(t)−3x(t) =e−t,

pri zaˇcetnih pogojih x(0) = 0 in ˙x(0) = 1. Koliko jex(1)?

Rezultat: 0.921126

Reˇsi sistem diferencialnih enaˇcb

˙

x(t) =y(t)−z(t), ˙y(t) =x(t) +z(t) in ˙z(t) =y(t)−x(t), pri zaˇcetnih pogojih x(0) = 1, y(0) = 2 inz(0) = 3.

Koliko jex(1/2)?

Razultat: 0.794827

(11)

Poiˇsˇ ci funkcijo x(t ), ki reˇsi integralsko enaˇ cbo.

Koliko je x(1/2).

x(t) = 1 + 1/2 Z t

0

sin(2(t−u))x(u)du.

InverseLaplaceTransform[

Solve[LaplaceTransform[

x[t] == 1 + 1/2 Integrate[Sin[2 (t - u)] x[u], {u,0,t}], t, s], LaplaceTransform[x[t], t, s]], s, t] /. t -> 0.5

Rezultat: 1.11738

Reference

POVEZANI DOKUMENTI

Preglednica 3: Izidi t-preizkusa razlike aritmetičnih sredin in F-preizkusa homogenosti varianc (Levenov F-preizkus) rezultatov glede na spol učencev pri posameznem dejavniku

Natezna trdnost lesa je odpor lesa proti maksimalni sili, ki razteza les vzporedno z lesnimi vlakni (f t,0 ) ali pravokotno nanje (f t,90 ); natezna trdnost pravokotno na vlakna je

Due to t�e fact t�at t�e drilling operations were performed wit� only a s�ort surficial casing, groundwater could ascend t�roug� t�e fracture system into

The dissolution rates of limestone and gypsum into t�in films of water in laminar flow are given by F = α(c eq -c), w�ere (c eq -c) is t�e difference of t�e actual concentration

T he real certainty can be based only on th e absolute knowledge, on the level o f Absolute Truth.. T he difference is illustrated with the

[r]

Whereas in the FIDIC 1999 Red Book, amortisation takes place through deduction of 25% of the value of each Interim Payment Certificate, thus generally causing the amortisation to

XI Štatútu Slovenskej akadémie vied predseda Vedeckej rady Slovenskej akadémie vied vydáva tento Štatút Učenej spoločnosti Slovenska (ďalej len „štatút Učenej