Rešitve modela precej dobro sovpadajo z eksperimentalno pridobljenimi rezultati.
Osredotočil sem se na ACP, ki v večji meri prehaja med fazama in je zato bolj reprezentativen pri analizi. MBA prehaja zelo malo, spremembe v njegovih koncentracijah pa so velikostnega reda eksperimentalne napake. Za analizo sem uporabil podatke eksperimenta 1, ki ima manjšo relativno napako kot eksperiment 2. V tabeli 14 je predstavljena primerjava eksperimentalnih izkoristkov ekstrakcije z modelno določenimi izkoristki.
ACP izkoristek ACP izkoristek Napaka
140 μl/min 300 μl/min 71,87 % 74,16 % 3,19 %
190 μl/min 400 μl/min 68,18 % 66,10 % 3,05 %
340 μl/min 600 μl/min 62,11 % 57,50 % 7,42 %
Tabela 14 Eksperimentalno in modelno določeni izkoristki ekstrakcij za ACP pri različnih kombinacijah pretokov pufrske in n-heptanske faze.
Modelna simulacija spreminjanja koncentracije ACP v obeh fazah vzdolž mikrokanala pri pretoku pufrske faze 140 μl/min in n-heptanske faze 300 μl/min je prikazana na slikah 29 in 30:
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Slika 29 Graf koncentracije ACP v mikrokanalu. Leva polovica grafa predstavlja n-heptansko fazo s pretokom 300 μl/min in desna pufrsko fazo s pretokom 140 μl/min.
Slika 30 Graf koncentracije ACP v mikrokanalu. Leva polovica grafa predstavlja pufrsko fazo s pretokom 140 μl/min in desna n-heptansko fazo s pretokom 300 μl/min.
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S pomočjo modela sem napovedal izkoristka ekstrakcije, ki bi ju dosegli z uporabo enakega mikrokanala, ki bi imel dvakratno (L=664 mm) oziroma trikratno dolžino (L=996 mm) in bi obratoval s pretokom pufrske faze 140 μl/min ter n-heptanske faze 300 μl/min. Z mikrokanalom dvakratne dolžine bi dosegli 91,85 % izkoristek ekstrakcije ACP, z mikrokanalom trikratne dolžine pa 98,34 % izkoristek ekstrakcije ACP. Zadrževalni čas pufrske faze pri mikrokanalu dvakratne dolžine znaša 1,57 s, pri mikrokanalu trikratne dolžine pa 2,35 s.
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6 Zaključek
Eden izmed namenov uporabe mikrofluidnih naprav je intenzifikacija kemijskih procesov. Magistrska naloga prikazuje uporabo mikrofluidne naprave, natančneje mikrokanala z Y oblikovanim vstopom in izstopom, za vodenje ekstrakcije ACP iz vodne mešanice ACP in MBA v n-heptan. Za učinkovit proces je pomembna ločba faz po končani ekstrakciji. Pri določitvi razmerja pretokov, ki je omogočalo učinkovito ločbo faz na izhodu iz mikrokanala, je bilo za Dolomitov mikročip kot optimalno razmerje med organsko in vodno fazo določeno razmerje 2:1. Pri Micronitovem mikročipu povprečna vrednost eksperimentalno določenih optimalnih razmerij pretokov znaša 2,004:1. Določena razmerja se ujemajo med seboj in so skladna s teoretično izračunanim razmerjem, ki znaša 1,925:1.
Za napoved porazdelitve ACP in MBA v vodni in organski fazi sta bila določena njuna porazdelitvena koeficienta, ki znašata za ACP 0,083 in za MBA 50,231. Po vzpostavitvi ravnotežnega stanja je delež ACP v organski fazi dobrih 92 %, delež MBA v vodni fazi pa dobrih 98 %. Termodinamika torej omogoča precej dobro ločbo snovi, zato je izbira ekstrakcije kot načina za separacijo v tem primeru smiselna.
Mikrokanal se je izkazal za zelo učinkovito napravo za izvajanje ekstrakcije, saj je omogočal doseganje preko 72 % izkoristka ekstrakcije ACP pri zadrževalnem času manjšem od 0,8 s. Višji izkoristek ekstrakcije bi bilo možno doseči z daljšanjem zadrževalnega časa oziroma z uporabo daljšega mikrokanala. Matematični model je napovedal, da bi z uporabo mikrokanala enakega preseka, ki bi imel dvakratno dolžino, pri enakih obratovalnih pogojih dosegli skoraj 92 % izkoristek, z uporabo mikrokanala s trikratno dolžino pa preko 98 % izkoristek ekstrakcije. Za dosego 92 % izkoristka je potreben zadrževalni čas slabe 1,6 s, za 98 % pa dobre 2,3 s.
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