7 PRILOGE
PRILOGA 1
– Indikacije različnih pripravkov islandskega lišaja, njihove farmacevtske oblike in terapevtski odmerki (10)Uporaba in indikacije Farmacevtska oblika Terapevtski odmerek
Demulcent, antiemetično delovanje
Indikacije: gastritis, bruhanje, bronhitis, kaheksija, dispepsija
Dekokt 1-2 g rastlinske snovi
trikrat dnevno
Tinktura 1-1,5 ml trikrat dnevno
Uporaba pri vnetju ustne votline in žrela, suhem kašlju, hripavosti,
bolečem grlu, bronhitisu
Indikacije: prebavne težave, gastritis, izguba apetita, razjede na
želodcu in dvanajstniku, kaheksija, tumorji
Dekokt ali poparek
1-2 g posušene rastline tri do štirikrat dnevno
Tinktura 1-1,5 ml
Vodni izvleček v obliki pastil Pastila = 0,5-3 g posušene rastline dnevno
Blaženje dražeče ustne sluznice in sluznice žrela
Različni pripravki 4-6 g rastlinske snovi na dan
Sredstvo za izkašljevanje
Indikacije: izguba apetita, gastroenteritis
Čaj 1,5-2,5 g drobno zmlete
rastlinske snovi
Indikacije: bronhitis, laringitis, kašelj, pljučna tuberkuloza,
izguba apetita
/ /
Indikacije: dispeptične težave, vnetje grla in žrela, kašelj, izguba
apetita
Poparek 4-6 g rastlinske snovi na dan
Izkašljevalno sredstvo pri suhem kašlju, blaženje dražečega grla in
žrela Hladen macerat
1,5 g rastlinske snovi, pred vsakim obrokom za povečanje apetita, grgranje
tri do štirikrat dnevno v primeru dražečega grla
Indikacije: vnetje ustne votline in sluznice žrela, suh kašelj
Dekokt 3-8 g rastlinske snovi
Pastile z vodnim izvlečkom 50-300 mg rastlinske snovi dnevno, 10 ali več dni Hladen macerat, poparek,
tinktura 1-2 g rastlinske snovi na dan
PRILOGA 2
– IzračuniDOLOČITEV POTENCIALNE ABSORPCIJE
• Lihenan
(MM = 488,44; LogP = -5,79; LogS = 2,736)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · (−5,79) – 0,0061 · 488,44 g
mol = −9,79038; Kp
= 1,62038 · 10−10cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 1,62038 · 10−10𝑐𝑚 ℎ 1 + 1,62038 · 10−10cm
h · √488,44 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 1,62038 · 10−10cm h
𝑆 = 102,736 = 544,50265𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 544,50265𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 488,44 g
mol · 1000 = 2,65957 · 108 μg 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 1,62038 ·10−10𝑐𝑚
ℎ · 2,65957 · 108 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,043093 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Izolihenan
(MM = 504,44; LogP = -5,86; LogS = 2,371)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · (−5,86) – 0,0061 · 504,44 g
mol = −9,93768; Kp
= 1,15430 · 10−10cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 1,15430 · 10−10cm h 1 + 1,15430 · 10−10cm
h · √504,44 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 1,15430 · 10−10cm h
𝑆 = 102,371 = 234,96328𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 234,96328𝑚𝑜𝑙
· 504,44 𝑔
· 1000 = 1,18525 · 108 𝜇𝑔
• Pentosan
(MM = 308,27; LogP = -1,5814; LogS = 0,1677)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · (−1,5814)– 0,0061 · 308,27 g
mol = −5,70324; Kp
= 1,98 · 10−6cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 1,98 · 10−6cm h 1 + 1,98 · 10−6cm
h · √308,27 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 1,979 · 10−6cm h
𝑆 = 100,1677 = 1,471296𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 1,471296𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 308,27 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 453556,3613 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 1,979 · 10−6𝑐𝑚
ℎ · 453556,3613 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,89759 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Celuloza
(MM = 370,40; LogP = -1,92445; LogS = 0,5511)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · (−1,92445)– 0,0061 · 370,40 g
mol = −6,32583; Kp
= 4,72 · 10−7cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 4,72 · 10−7cm h 1 + 4,72 · 10−7cm
h · √370,40 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 4,72 · 10−7cm h
𝑆 = 100,5511= 3,55713𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 3,557132𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 370,40 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 1317561,749 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 4,72 · 10−7𝑐𝑚
ℎ · 1317561,749 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,62189 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Hemiceluloza
(MM =310,34; LogP = -1,23615; LogS = -0,1245)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · (−1,23615)– 0,0061 · 310,34 g
mol = −5,47074; Kp
= 3,38 · 10−6cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 3,382 · 10−6cm h 1 + 3,382 · 10−6cm
h · √310,34 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 3,382 · 10−6cm h
𝑆 = 10−0,1245= 0,75076𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 0,750758𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 310,34 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 232990,2545 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3,382 · 10−6𝑐𝑚
ℎ · 232990,2545 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,78797 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Saharoza
(MM = 342,30; LogP = -3,82; LogS = 1,584)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · (−3,82) – 0,0061 · 342,30 g
mol = −7,50023; Kp
= 3,1 · 10−8cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 3,1 · 10−8cm h 1 + 3,1 · 10−8cm
h · √342,30 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 3,1 · 10−8cm h
𝑆 = 101,584 = 38,37073𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 38,370725𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 342,30 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 13134299,01 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3
• Fumaroprotocetrarna kislina
(MM = 472,36; LogP = 2,12; LogS = -5,181)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 2,12 – 0,0061 · 472,36 g
mol = −4,076196; Kp
= 8,39 · 10−5cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 8,3908 · 10−5cm h 1 + 8,3908 · 10−5cm
h · √472,36 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,000083849cm h
𝑆 = 10−5,181 = 6,591 · 10−6𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 6,591 · 10−6𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 472,36 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 3,113325 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,000083849cm
h · 3,113325 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,0002611 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Protolihesterinska kislina
(MM = 324,46; LogP = 5,18; LogS= -4,413)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 5,18 – 0,0061 · 324,46 g
mol = −1,001406; Kp = 0,099677cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,099677cm h 1 + 0,099677cm
h · √324,46 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,058960cm h
𝑆 = 10−4,413 = 3,864 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 3,8636 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 324,46 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 12,53584 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,058960cm
h · 12,53584 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,73911 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Lihesterinska kislina
(MM = 324,46; LogP = 5,21; LogS = -4,559)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 5,21– 0,0061 · 324,46 g
mol = −0,980106; Kp = 0,104687cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,1046873cm h 1 + 0,1046873cm
h · √324,46 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,060679cm h
𝑆 = 10−4,559 = 2,7605 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 2,7605 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 324,46 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 8,956971 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,060679cm
h · 8,956971 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,54350 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Protocetrarna kislina
(MM = 376,32; LogP = -0,95; LogS = -3,235)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · (−0,95)– 0,0061 · 376,32 g
mol = −5,670052; Kp
= 2,14 · 10−6cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 2,137 · 10−6cm h 1 + 2,137 · 10−6cm
h · √376,32 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 2,136 · 10−6cm h
𝑆 = 10−3,235 = 0,0005821𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 0,0005821𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 376,32 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 219,05708 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 2,136 · 10−6cm
h · 219,05708 μg
𝑐𝑚3= 0,00046791 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Cetrarna kislina
(MM = 402,36; LogP = 2,64; LogS = -4,846)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 2,64 – 0,0061 · 402,36 g
mol = −3,279996; Kp
= 0,0005248cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,0005248cm h 1 + 0,0005248cm
h · √402,36 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,00052268cm h
𝑆 = 10−4,846 = 0,000014256𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 0,000014256𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 402,36 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 5,736075 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,00052268cm
h · 5,736075 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,0029981 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Salazinska kislina
(MM = 388,28; LogP = 1,35; LogS = -3,902)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 1,35– 0,0061 · 388,28 g
mol = −4,110008; Kp
= 7,76 · 10−5cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 7,7623 · 10−5cm h 1 + 7,7623 · 10−5cm
h · √388,28 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 7,7577 · 10−5cm h
𝑆 = 10−3,902 = 1,25314 · 10−4𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 1,25314 · 10−4𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 388,28 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 48,656966 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 7,7577 · 10−5cm
h · 48,656966 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,0037747 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Lihesterilna kislina
(MM = 298,47; LogP = 5,68; LogS = -3,874)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 5,68– 0,0061 · 298,47 g
mol = −0,48787; Kp = 0,32519cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,325187cm h 1 + 0,325187cm
h · √298,47 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,102882cm h
𝑆 = 10−3,874 = 1,3366 · 10−4𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 1,3366 · 10−4𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 298,47 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 39,893366 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,102882cm
h · 39,893366 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 4,104305 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Rocelarna kislina
(MM = 326,48; LogP = 5,36; LogS = -4,358)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 5,36 – 0,0061 · 326,48 g
mol = −0,88592; Kp = 0,130039cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,1300385cm h 1 + 0,1300385cm
h · √326,48 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,068308cm h
𝑆 = 10−4,358= 4,3853 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 4,3853 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 326,48 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 14,31715 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,068308cm
h · 14,31715 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,97798 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Usninska kislina
(MM = 344,32; LogP = -0,74; LogS = -2,464)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · (−0,74)– 0,0061 · 344,32 g
mol = −5,32575; Kp
= 4,72 · 10−6cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 4,723 · 10−6cm h 1 + 4,723 · 10−6cm
h · √344,32 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 4,722 · 10−6cm h
𝑆 = 10−2,464 = 0,0034356𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 0,00343558𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 344,32 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 1182,9387 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 4,722 · 10−6cm
h · 1182,9387 μg
𝑐𝑚3= 0,0055858 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Karvon
(MM = 150,22; LogP = 1,75; LogS = -1,844)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 1,75 – 0,0061 · 150,22 g
mol = −2,37384; Kp = 0,004228cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,0042282cm h 1 + 0,0042282cm
h · √150,22 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,0041456cm h
𝑆 = 10−1,844 = 0,014322𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 0,0143219𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 150,22 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 2151,4326 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,0041456cm
h · 2151,4326 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 8,91892 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Bakenanolid A (Fukinanolid A) (MM = 234,34; LogP = 3,55; LogS = -4,269)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 3,55 – 0,0061 · 234,34 g
mol = −1,60897; Kp = 0,024605cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,0246052cm h 1 + 0,0246052cm
h · √234,34 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,021492cm h
𝑆 = 10−4,269 = 5,3826 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 5,3826 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 234,34 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 12,613814 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,021492cm
h · 12,613814 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,271092 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• 1,8 – heptadekadien
(MM = 236,44; LogP = 7; LogS = -5,513)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 7 – 0,0061 · 236,44 g
mol = 0,82772; Kp = 6,72537cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 6,725367cm h 1 + 6,725367cm
h · √236,44 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,16494cm h
𝑆 = 10−5,513 = 3,069 · 10−6𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 3,069 · 10−6𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 236,44 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,725634 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,16494cm
h · 0,725634 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,119687 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• n-heneikozan
(MM = 296,58; LogP = 9,26; LogS = -7,3)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 9,26 – 0,0061 · 296,58 g
mol = 2,06546; Kp = 116,2685cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 116,2685cm h 1 + 116,2685cm
h · √296,58 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,150778cm h
𝑆 = 10−7,3 = 5 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 5 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 296,58 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,014864 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,150778cm
h · 0,014864 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,0022412 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• n-dokozan
(MM = 310,61; LogP = 9,68; LogS = -7,714)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 9,68 – 0,0061 · 310,61 g
mol = 2,278079; Kp = 189,7051cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 189,7051cm h 1 + 189,7051cm
h · √310,61 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,147410cm h
𝑆 = 10−7,714= 1,9 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 1,9 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 310,61 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,006000886 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,147410cm
h · 0,006000886 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,00088459 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• n-eikozan
(MM = 282,56; LogP = 8,84; LogS = -7,037)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 8,84 – 0,0061 · 282,56 g
mol = 1,85278; Kp = 71,2499cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 71,24986cm h 1 + 71,24986cm
h · √282,56 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,15434cm h
𝑆 = 10−7,037= 9,1 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 9,1 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 282,56 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,025948 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,15434cm
h · 0,025948 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,00400458 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• n-nonadekan
(MM = 268,53; LogP = 8,43; LogS = -6,623)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 8,43 – 0,0061 · 268,53 g
mol = 1,64727; Kp = 44,38815cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 44,388145cm h 1 + 44,388145cm
h · √268,53 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,158098cm h
𝑆 = 10−6,623= 2,38 · 10−7𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 2,38 · 10−7𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 268,53 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,063972 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,158098cm
h · 0,063972 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,0101139 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• n-heptadekan
(MM = 240,48; LogP = 7,59; LogS = -5,946)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 7,59 – 0,0061 · 240,48 g
mol = 1,22197; Kp = 16,671397cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 16,671397cm h 1 + 16,671397cm
h · √240,48 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,16599cm h
𝑆 = 10−5,946 = 1,132 · 10−6𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 1,132 · 10−6𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 240,48 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,2722234 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,16599cm
h · 0,2722234 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,045187 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• n-oktadekan
(MM = 254,50; LogP = 8,01; LogS= -6,36)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 8,01 – 0,0061 · 254,50 g
mol = 1,43465; Kp = 27,20508cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 27,20508cm h 1 + 27,20508cm
h · √254,50 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,162008cm h
𝑆 = 10−6,36 = 4,36 · 10−7𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 4,36 · 10−7𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 254,50 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,110962 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,162008cm
h · 0,110962 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,017977 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• n-trikozan
(MM = 324,64; LogP = 10,1; LogS = -7,977)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 10,1 – 0,0061 · 324,64 g
mol = 2,490696; Kp = 309,5252cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 309,5252cm h 1 + 309,5252cm
h · √324,64 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,14424cm h
𝑆 = 10−7,977 = 1 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 324,64 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,0032464 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,14424cm
h · 0,0032464 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,00046824 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Oleinska kislina
(MM = 282,47; LogP = 6,29; LogS = -4,754) 𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 6,29 – 0,0061 · 282,47 g
mol = 0,042833; Kp = 1,10365cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 1,1036542cm h 1 + 1,1036542cm
h · √282,47 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,13568cm h
𝑆 = 10−4,754= 1,762 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 1,7619 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 282,47 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 4,977054 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,13568cm
h · 4,977054 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,67529 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Linolna kislina
(MM = 280,45; LogP = 5,97; LogS = -4,627)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 5,97 – 0,0061 · 280,45 g
mol = −0,172045; Kp = 0,67291cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,6729069cm h 1 + 0,6729069cm
h · √280,45 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,12615cm h
𝑆 = 10−4,627= 2,3604 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 2,3604 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 280,45 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 6,6199612 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,12615cm
h · 6,6199612 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,835105 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Linolenska kislina
(MM = 278,44; LogP = 5,65; LogS = -4,492)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 5,65 – 0,0061 · 278,44 g
mol = −0,38698; Kp = 0,41022cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,410219cm h 1 + 0,410219cm
h · √278,44 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,11292cm h
𝑆 = 10−4,492 = 3,221 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 3,221 · 10−5𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 278,44 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 8,968744 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,11292cm
h · 8,968744 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 1,012775 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• β-kriptoksantin
(MM = 552,89; LogP = 9,45; LogS = -8,207)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 9,45 – 0,0061 · 552,89 g
mol = 0,63687; Kp = 4,33382cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 4,333821cm h 1 + 4,333821cm
h · √522,89 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,110795cm h
𝑆 = 10−8,207= 6 · 10−9𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 6 · 10−9𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 522,89 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,0032465 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,110795cm
h · 0,0032465 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 3,59691 · 10−4 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Zeaksantin
(MM = 568,89; LogP = 8,22; LogS = -7,319)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 8,22 – 0,0061 · 568,89 g
mol = −0,334029; Kp = 0,46342cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,463416cm h 1 + 0,463416cm
h · √568,89 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,0882495cm h
𝑆 = 10−7,319 = 4,7 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 4,7 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 568,89 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,0272916 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,0882495cm
h · 0,0272916 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,0024095 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Lutein epoksid
(MM = 584,89; LogP = 7,68; LogS = -7,721)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 7,68 – 0,0061 · 584,89 g
mol = −0,815029; Kp = 0,1531cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,1530985cm h 1 + 0,1530985cm
h · √584,89 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,063157cm h
𝑆 = 10−7,721= 1,9 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 1,9 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 584,89 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,0111192 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,063157cm
h · 0,0111192 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 7,0226 · 10−4 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Violaksantin
(MM = 600,88; LogP = 7,978; LogS = -7,168)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 7,978– 0,0061 · 600,88 g
mol= −0,700988; Kp
= 0,1990728cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,1990728cm h 1 + 0,1990728cm
h · √600,88 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,069198cm h
𝑆 = 10−7,168= 6,7 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 6,7 · 10−8𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 600,88 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,040812 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,069198cm
h · 0,040812 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,0028241 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• Mutatoksantin
(MM = 584,89; LogP = 7,14; LogS = -6,436)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 7,14 – 0,0061 · 584,89 g
mol = −1,19843; Kp = 0,063324cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,0633244cm h 1 + 0,0633244cm
h · √584,89 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,039851cm h
𝑆 = 10−6,436= 3,66 · 10−7𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 3,66 · 10−7𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 584,89 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 0,21433 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,039851cm
h · 0,21433 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,0085411 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
• β-citraurin
(MM = 432,65; LogP = 5,74; LogS = -5,194)
𝐿𝑜𝑔𝐾𝑝 = −2,7 + 0,71 · 5,74 – 0,0061 · 432,65 g
mol = −1,26377; Kp = 0,054479cm h
𝐾𝑝𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟 = 0,0544797cm h 1 + 0,0544797cm
h · √432,65 𝑔 2,6 𝑚𝑜𝑙
= 0,037943cm h
𝑆 = 10−5,194 = 6,397 · 10−6𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐿 𝐶𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑎𝑡 = 6,397 · 10−6𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐿 · 432,65 𝑔
𝑚𝑜𝑙 · 1000 = 2,76781 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3 𝐽𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0,037943cm
h · 2,76781 μg
𝑐𝑚3 = 0,105018 𝜇𝑔 𝑐𝑚3/ℎ
SISTEMSKA IZPOSTAVLJENOST
(18g kozmetičnega izdelka; 0,1% izvlečka islandskega lišaja)
18𝑔
100%= 𝑋
0,1%→ 𝑋 = 0,018𝑔 = 18000𝜇𝑔
• Lihenan
(koncentracija = 25-50%; absorpcija = 10%)
18000𝑔 100% = 𝑋
50%→ 𝑋 = 9000𝜇𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 9000𝜇𝑔 · 10 · 10−2 = 900𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Izolihenan
(koncentracija = 25-50%; absorpcija = 10%)
18000𝑔 100% = 𝑋
50%→ 𝑋 = 9000𝜇𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 9000𝜇𝑔 · 10 · 10−2 = 900𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Pentosan
(koncentracija = 3%; absorpcija = 40%)
18000𝑔 100% = 𝑋
3%→ 𝑋 = 540𝜇𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 540𝜇𝑔 · 40 · 10−2= 216𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Celuloza
(koncentracija = 3,9%; absorpcija = 40%)
18000𝑔 100% = 𝑋
3,9%→ 𝑋 = 702𝜇𝑔
𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 702𝜇𝑔 · 40 · 10−2= 280,8𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Hemiceluloza
(koncentracija = 25,8%; absorpcija = 40%)
18000𝑔
100% = 𝑋
25,8%→ 𝑋 = 4644𝜇𝑔
𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 4644𝜇𝑔 · 40 · 10−2 = 1857,6𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Saharoza
(koncentracija = 1,25%; absorpcija = 40%)
18000𝑔
100% = 𝑋
1,25%→ 𝑋 = 225𝜇𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 225𝜇𝑔 · 40 · 10−2= 90𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Fumaroprotocetrarna kislina
(koncentracija = 2,6-11,5%; absorpcija = 10%)
18000𝑔
= 𝑋
→ 𝑋 = 2070𝜇𝑔
• Protolihesterinska kislina
(koncentracija = 0,2-0,3%; absorpcija = 40%)
18000𝑔 100% = 𝑋
0,3%→ 𝑋 = 54𝜇𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 54𝜇𝑔 · 40 · 10−2= 21,6𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Lihesterinska kislina
(koncentracija = 1,0-1,5%; absorpcija = 40%)
18000𝑔 100% = 𝑋
1,5%→ 𝑋 = 270𝜇𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 270𝜇𝑔 · 40 · 10−2= 108𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Protocetrarna kislina
(koncentracija = 0,2-0,3%; absorpcija = 10%)
18000𝑔 100% = 𝑋
0,3%→ 𝑋 = 54𝜇𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 54𝜇𝑔 · 10 · 10−2= 5,4𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Cetrarna kislina
(koncentracija = 2,0-3,0%; absorpcija = 10%)
18000𝑔 100% = 𝑋
3,0%→ 𝑋 = 540𝜇𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 540𝜇𝑔 · 10 · 10−2= 54𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Salazinska kislina
(koncentracija = 5%; absorpcija = 10%)
18000𝑔 100% = 𝑋
5%→ 𝑋 = 900𝜇𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 900𝜇𝑔 · 10 · 10−2= 90𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Lihesterilna kislina
(koncentracija = 25%; absorpcija = 40%)
18000𝑔 100% = 𝑋
25%→ 𝑋 = 4500𝜇𝑔
𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 4500𝜇𝑔 · 40 · 10−2 = 1800𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Rocelarna kislina
(koncentracija = 7,5%;absorpcija = 40%)
18000𝑔 100% = 𝑋
7,5%→ 𝑋 = 1350𝜇𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 1350𝜇𝑔 · 40 · 10−2 = 540𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Usninska kislina
(koncentracija = 0,04%; absorpcija = 10%)
18000𝑔
= 𝑋
→ 𝑋 = 7,2𝜇𝑔
• Karvon
(koncentracija = 7,5%; absorpcija = 40%)
18000𝑔 100% = 𝑋
7,5%→ 𝑋 = 1350𝜇𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 1350𝜇𝑔 · 40 · 10−2 = 540𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• Bakenanolid A (Fukinanolid A) (koncentracija = 1,25%; absorpcija = 40%)
18000𝑔
100% = 𝑋
1,25%→ 𝑋 = 225𝜇𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 225𝜇𝑔 · 40 · 10−2= 90𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
• β-kriptoksantin, zeaksantin, lutein epoksid, violaksantin, mutatoksantin, β- citraurin
(koncentracija = 0,00301%; absorpcija = 10%)
18000𝑔
100% = 𝑋
0,00301% → 𝑋 = 0,5418𝜇𝑔
𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑠𝑘𝑎 𝑖𝑧𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑣𝑙𝑗𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 0,5418𝜇𝑔 · 10 · 10−2 = 0,05418𝜇𝑔/𝑑𝑎𝑛
MAKSIMALNA KONCENTRACIJA SPOJIN V IZVLEČKU
(18g kozmetičnega izdelka; 0,1% izvlečka islandskega lišaja)18𝑔
100%= 𝑋
0,1%→ 𝑋 = 0,018𝑔 = 18000𝜇𝑔
• Cramer-jev razred I a) 10% absorpcija
1800 𝜇𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛= 𝑋 · 10 · 10−2→ 𝑋 = 18000 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 18000 𝜇𝑔
100% =18000 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛
𝑋 → 𝑋 = 100%
b) 40% absorpcija
1800 𝜇𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 = 𝑋 · 40 · 10−2→ 𝑋 = 4500 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 18000 𝜇𝑔
100% =4500 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛
𝑋 → 𝑋 = 25%
c) 80% absorpcija
1800 𝜇𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 = 𝑋 · 80 · 10−2→ 𝑋 = 2250 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 18000 𝜇𝑔
100% =2250 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛
𝑋 → 𝑋 = 12,5%
• Cramer-jev razred II a) 10% absorpcija
540 𝜇𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛= 𝑋 · 10 · 10−2→ 𝑋 = 5400 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛
b) 40% absorpcija
540 𝜇𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛= 𝑋 · 40 · 10−2→ 𝑋 = 1350 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 18000 𝜇𝑔
100% =1350 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛
𝑋 → 𝑋 = 7,5%
c) 80% absorpcija
540 𝜇𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 = 𝑋 · 80 · 10−2→ 𝑋 = 675 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 18000 𝜇𝑔
100% =675 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛
𝑋 → 𝑋 = 3,75%
• Cramer-jev razred III a) 10% absorpcija
90 𝜇𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛= 𝑋 · 10 · 10−2→ 𝑋 = 900 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 18000 𝜇𝑔
100% =900 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛
𝑋 → 𝑋 = 5%
b) 40% absorpcija
90 𝜇𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛= 𝑋 · 40 · 10−2→ 𝑋 = 225 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 18000 𝜇𝑔
100% =225 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛
𝑋 → 𝑋 = 1,25%
c) 80% absorpcija 90 𝜇𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛= 𝑋 · 800 · 10−2 → 𝑋 = 112,5 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 18000 𝜇𝑔
100% = 112,5 𝜇𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛
𝑋 → 𝑋 = 0,625%
DNEVNI VARNI ODMERKI, PRIMERJAVA S SISTEMSKIMI VARNIMI IZPOSTAVITVAMI IN PRIMERJAVA Z VREDNOSTMI TTC
(Povprečna telesna teža človeka = 60 kg; varnostni faktor = 100)
• Celuloza
(NOAEL = 3769 mg/kg/dan; SED < 280,8 μg/dan; Cramer-jev razred toksišnosti = I)
𝐴𝐷𝐼 = 3769 𝑚𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 · 60 𝑘𝑔
100 = 2261,4 𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑇𝑇𝐶 𝑣𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡= 2261,4𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 1800 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 1256,33
𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑆𝐸𝐷= 2261,4𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 280,8 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 8053,4188
• Hemiceluloza
(NOAEL = 40000 mg/kg/dan; SED < 1857,6 μg/dan; Cramer-jev razred toksičnosti = I)
𝐴𝐷𝐼 = 40000 𝑚𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 · 60 𝑘𝑔
100 = 24000 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑇𝑇𝐶 𝑣𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡= 24000𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 1800 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 13333,33
𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑆𝐸𝐷= 24000𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛𝑚𝑔 = 12919,897
• Saharoza
(NOAEL = 7455 mg/kg/dan; SED < 90 μg/dan; Cramer-jev razred toksičnosti = III)
𝐴𝐷𝐼 = 7455 𝑚𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 · 60 𝑘𝑔
100 = 4473 𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑇𝑇𝐶 𝑣𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡= 4473𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 90 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 49700
𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑆𝐸𝐷= 4473𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 90 · 10−3𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 49700
• Usninska kislina
(NOAEL = 100-200 mg/kg/dan; SED < 0,72 μg/dan, Cramer-jev razred toksičnosti = III)
𝐴𝐷𝐼 = 100 𝑚𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 · 60 𝑘𝑔
100 = 60 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑇𝑇𝐶 𝑣𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡= 60𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 90 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 666,67
𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑆𝐸𝐷= 60𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 0,72 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 83333,33
• Karvon
(NOAEL = 5 mg/kg/dan; SED < 540 μg/dan; Cramer-jev razred toksičnosti = II)
𝐴𝐷𝐼 = 5 𝑚𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 · 60 𝑘𝑔
100 = 3 𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑇𝑇𝐶 𝑣𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡= 3𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 540 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 5,56
𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑆𝐸𝐷= 3𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 540 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 5,56
• n-heneikozan
(NOAEL > 500 mg/kg/dan; SED < 1800 μg/dan; Cramer-jev razred toksičnosti = I)
𝐴𝐷𝐼 = 500 𝑚𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 · 60 𝑘𝑔
100 = 300 𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑇𝑇𝐶 𝑣𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡= 300𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 1800 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 166,67
𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑆𝐸𝐷= 300𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 1800 · 10−3𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 166,67
• n-dokozan, n-heptadekan, n-oktadekan
(NOAEL > 5000 mg/kg/dan; SED < 1800 μg/dan; Cramer-jev razred toksičnosti = I)
𝐴𝐷𝐼 = 5000 𝑚𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 · 60 𝑘𝑔
100 = 3000 𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑇𝑇𝐶 𝑣𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡= 3000𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 1800 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 1666,67
𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑆𝐸𝐷= 3000𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 1800 · 10−3𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 1666,67
• Oleinska kislina
(NOAEL > 4599 mg/kg/dan; SED < 1800 μg/dan; Cramer-jev razred toksičnosti = I)
𝐴𝐷𝐼 = 4599 𝑚𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 · 60 𝑘𝑔
100 = 2759,4 𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑇𝑇𝐶 𝑣𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡= 2759,4 𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 1800 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 1533
𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑆𝐸𝐷= 2759,4𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 1800 · 10−3𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 1533
• Linolna kislina
(NOAEL > 1970 mg/kg/dan; SED < 1800 μg/dan; Cramer-jev razred toksičnosti = I)
𝐴𝐷𝐼 = 1970 𝑚𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 · 60 𝑘𝑔
100 = 1182 𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑇𝑇𝐶 𝑣𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡= 1182 𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 1800 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 656,67
𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑆𝐸𝐷= 1182𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 1800 · 10−3𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 656,67
• Linolenska kislina
(NOAEL > 2000 mg/kg/dan; SED < 1800 μg/dan; Cramer-jev razred toksičnosti = I)
𝐴𝐷𝐼 = 2000 𝑚𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 · 60 𝑘𝑔
100 = 1200 𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑇𝑇𝐶 𝑣𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡= 1200 𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 1800 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 666,67
𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑆𝐸𝐷= 1200𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 1800 · 10−3𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 666,67
• Zeaksantin
(NOAEL = 150 mg/kg/dan; SED < 0,05418 μg/dan; Cramer-jev razred toksičnosti = II)
𝐴𝐷𝐼 = 150 𝑚𝑔
𝑘𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 · 60 𝑘𝑔
100 = 90 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑇𝑇𝐶 𝑣𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑛𝑜𝑠𝑡= 90 𝑚𝑔 𝑑𝑎𝑛 540 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 166,67
𝐴𝐷𝐼
𝑆𝐸𝐷= 90𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛 0,05418 · 10−3 𝑚𝑔
𝑑𝑎𝑛
= 1661129,568
