3UHJOHGQLþODQHN5HYLHZDUWLFOH
POMEN PRISOTNOSTI STARŠEV OB OTROKU V BOLNIŠNICI THE IMPORTANCE OF PARENT-CHILD COHABITATION IN
HOSPITAL
M. Rogelj
.OLQLþQLRGGHOHN]DRWURãNRPODGRVWQLãNRLQUD]YRMQRQHYURORJLMR3HGLDWULþQDNOLQLND 8QLYHU]LWHWQLNOLQLþQLFHQWHU/MXEOMDQD/MXEOMDQD6ORYHQLMD
,=9/(ý(.
9PDUVLNDWHULGUXåLQLVHPHVHFHLQOHWDåLYOMHQMHYUWLRNURJEROQHJDRWURNDLQQMHJRYHJD]GUDYOMHQMDQHPD- lokratåHRGURMVWYDQDSUHM.URQLþQDEROH]HQODKNR]DGUXåLQRSRVWDQHQHQHKHQYLUVWUHVDNLJDSRVNXãDPR RPLOLWLWXGL]RUJDQL]DFLMRåLYOMHQMDYEROQLãQLFL
6WDUãLVNXSDM]]GUDYVWYHQLPLGHODYFLVRGHOXMHMRSUL]DGRYROMHYDQMXRWURNRYLKGXãHYQLKWHOHVQLKLQVRFLDOQLK SRWUHEVHMLPSULODJDMDMRLQWXGLSULYDMDMR6SR]QDYDMRQHOHNGRVPRDPSDNVHVH]QDQMDMR]QDãLPLSUDYLOL YUHGQRWDPLSRWUHEDPLLQRPHMLWYDPL
1D3HGLDWULþQLNOLQLNLY/MXEOMDQLL]SROQMXMHPRYVHSRJRMH]DYLVRNRVWURNRYQRUDYHQREUDYQDYHRWURNY smislu zadovoljevanja njihovih kompleksnih potreb.
.OMXþQHEHVHGHRWURNGUXåLQDEROQLãQLFDVRGHORYDQMH
ABSTRACT
&KURQLFLOOQHVVLQDFKLOGFDQRIWHQFKDQJHIDPLO\G\QDPLFVDQGUHODWLRQVKLSVIRUPRQWKVRU\HDUVVRPH- WLPHVHYHQIURPELUWK,WLVDFDXVHRISHUSHWXDOVWUHVVZKLFKFDQEHUHGXFHGE\DFDUHIXODQGHPSDWKLF DSSURDFK WR WKH FKLOG DQG KLV IDPLO\ GXULQJ WKHLU KRVSLWDO VWD\ 3DUHQWV DQG KHDOWKFDUH SURIHVVLRQDOV DUH MRLQWO\UHVSRQVLEOHIRUWKHFKLOG¶VZHOOEHLQJKLVERG\PLQGDQGVRFLDOQHHGV7KH&KLOGUHQ¶V+RVSLWDOLQ /MXEOMDQDSURYLGHVFRPSUHKHQVLYHWHUWLDU\HYDOXDWLRQDQGPDQDJHPHQWIRUHVWDEOLVKLQJWKHGLDJQRVLVDQG treatment of children
.H\ZRUGVFKLOGIDPLO\KRVSLWDOFRRSHUDWLRQ 6ORY3HGLDWU
UVOD
9 PDUVLNDWHUL GUXåLQL VH åLYOMHQMH YHþmesecev ali celo leta dolgo vrti okrog bolnega otroka in njego- YHJD]GUDYOMHQMDSRJRVWRåHRGRWURNRYHJDURMVWYD naprej.
ýHVHRWURNURGL]PRWQMRUDGRVWREURMVWYX]DVHQ- þLMRVWUDKUD]RþDUDQMHLQVNUEL6WDUãLVRSUHVWUDãHQL LQ Y ãRNX VDM VR GRåLYHOL YHOLNR L]JXER í L]JXER ]GUDYHJD LQ åLYDKQHJD RWURND NDNUãQHJD VR VL JD ]DPLãOMDOLR]JDSULþDNRYDOL
5D]YRMQLSVLKRORJLPHQLMRGDVRRWURFLYSUYLKOHWLK åLYOMHQMDNULWLþQRRGYLVQLRGVYRMLKVNUEQLNRY=DWR VWD SRPHPEQL QMLKRYD WHOHVQD EOLåLQD LQ þXVWYHQD GRVWRSQRVWSRGSRUDPHG]GUDYOMHQMHPYEROQLãQLFL SD]PDQMãXMHQMLKRYVWUDK2WURNRYHSRWUHEHVRPHG EROH]QLMR GUXJDþQH LQ PQRJR YHþMH NRW SUL RGUD- VOHPýLPPODMãLMHRWURNEROMMHREþXWOMLYLQWHåMH SUHQDãDORþLWHYRGVWDUãHY
3VLKRORãNHLQVRFLRORãNHUD]LVNDYHVRSRWUGLOHQHRE- KRGQRSRWUHERGDVWDUãLLQRWURFLVRELYDMRYEROQLã- QLFLYVDMYSUYLKãHVWLKOHWLK6LFHUSDMHVRELYDQMH SULSRURþOMLYR FHOR GR /HWD VWDURVWL 6NXSQR ELYDQMHYEROQLãQLFLSRPLUMDRED±WDNRRWURNDNRW WXGLPDWHUíWHURODMãDVSUHMHPDQMHPDQMãLKPHGL- FLQVNLKSRVHJRYNLVRSRWUHEQLSULGLDJQRVWLFLUDQMX LQ]GUDYOMHQMXRWURNRYHEROH]QL
.URQLþQDEROH]HQODKNRSRVWDQH]DGUXåLQRQHQHKHQ YLUVWUHVDNLJDVNXãDPR]PDQMãDWLWXGL]RUJDQL]L- UDQMHPåLYOMHQMDYEROQLãQLFL
ZDRAVSTVENE PRAVICE OTROK SO UREJENE Z ZAKONI IN PREDPISI Otrok je osebnost z vsemi þORYHNRYLPL SUDYLFDP REWHPSDSRWUHEXMHWXGLSRVHEQRVNUELQ]DãþLWR 3ROHJNURYQHJD]DNRQDL]NDWHUHJDL]KDMDMRSUDYLFH LQGROåQRVWLRWURNLQPODGRVWQLNRYWHUQMLKRYLKVWDU- ãHY=DNRQDR]GUDYVWYHQHPYDUVWYXLQ]GUDYVWYH- QHP ]DYDURYDQMX 5HSXEOLNH 6ORYHQLMH 8U OLVW 56 WRSRGURþMHXUHMDMRãH=DNRQR]GUDYVWYHQL GHMDYQRVWL 8U OLVW 56 =DNRQ R SDFLHQWR- YLK SUDYLFDK 8U OLVW =DNRQ R QDOH]OMLYLK EROH]QLK 8U OLVW 56 LQ QHNDWHUL GUXJL
Pravila obveznega zdravstvenega zavarovanja (Ur.
OLVWSRGUREQHMHXUHMDMRYUVWHLQREVHJ SUDYLFREYH]QRVWL]DYH]DQFHYLQ]DYDURYDQLKRVHE SRJRMH LQ SRVWRSNH ]D XUHVQLþHYDQMH SUDYLF VWDQ- GDUGH ]GUDYVWYHQLK VWRULWHY LQ PHGLFLQVNR WHKQLþ- QLKSULSRPRþNRYYDUVWYRSUDYLF]DYDURYDQLKRVHE LQQDG]RUQDGXUHVQLþHYDQMHPSUDYLFLQREYH]QRVWL
=DQHJREROQHJDRWURNDLQPODGRVWQLNDLPDMRVWDU- ãL R] VNUEQLNL SUDYLFR GR QDGRPHVWLOD RVHEQHJD GRKRGNDLQSODþDQHJDEROQLãNHJDGRSXVWD
Trajanje izostanka z dela ni odvisno le od otrokove VWDURVWL DPSDN WXGL RG QMHJRYH EROH]QL LQ ]GUDY- stvenega stanja.
SPREJEM OTROKA V BOLNIŠNICO IN 1-(*292'2ä,9/-$1-(%2/(=1, 2GKRGYEROQLãQLFRMHSULYVDNHPRWURNXSRYH]DQV strahom in z neugodjem.
3HGLDWULþQDVHNFLMD6ORYHQVNHJD]GUDYQLãNHJDGUX- ãWYDMHOHWDVSUHMHODYHþVNOHSRYLQSULSRURþLO Y NDWHULK SUHGODJD GD VR RWURNRP NL VH ]GUDYLMR Y EROQLãQLFDK Y 6ORYHQLML ]DJRWRYOMHQH SUDYLFH SR PHULOLK NL MLK MH VSUHMHOR (YURSVNR ]GUXåHQMH ]D SUDYLFH RWURN Y EROQLãQLFL ($&+ ] /H\GHQVNR
»magno charto«:
»2WURNQDMERVSUHMHWYEROQLãQLFROHWHGDMþHVNUEL za bolnega otroka ne moremo zagotoviti v njego- YHP GRPDþHP RNROMX«. Humanizacija hospitaliza- FLMHQHSRPHQLOHVWDOQHSULVRWQRVWLHQHJDRGVWDUãHY RERWURNXYþDVX]GUDYOMHQMDWHPYHþWXGLUDFLRQDO- QR GLDJQRVWLFLUDQMH LQ ]GUDYOMHQMH NL RPRJRþDWD þLPNUDMãROHåDOQRGRERLQREHQHPWXGLVWURNRYQR timsko obravnavo.
3UL QDþUWRYDQHP EROQLãQLþQHP ]GUDYOMHQMX VWDUãL SUHMPHMRSLVQDQDYRGLODNDNRQDMRWURNDSULSUDYLMR na predvideni dogodek. Ob urgentnem sprejemu VWDUãL LQ RWURFL SRWUHEXMHMR ãH SRVHEQR þXVWYHQR SRGSRUR 6WDUãHP PRUDPR SRVYHWLWL WROLNR SR]RU- QRVWLNROLNRUMHSRWUHEXMHMRLQVLY]HWLWXGLþDV]D WHPHOMLW SRJRYRU VDM QD WD QDþLQ ]PDQMãDPR VWUDK in negotovost.
2WURNNLMHELOYHþNUDWERODQLQVLMHQDEUDOåHYHOL- NR QHSULMHWQLK L]NXãHQM VH åH Y QDSUHM ERML YVHJD KXGHJD 6WUDK LQ ERMD]HQ NL MX RWURN GRåLYOMD VWD SRJRMHQDLQRGYLVQDRGSUHWHNOLKL]NXãHQMNLVLMLK MHQDEUDOYRGQRVX]OMXGPL9UD]OLþQLKVWDURVWQLK REGREMLK VH L]UDåDWD UD]OLþQR LQWHQ]LYQR LQ SUDY YVDNRWURNGRåLYOMDEROH]HQSRVYRMH
'RMHQþHN SRWUHEXMH NDU QDMYHþ WHOHVQHJD VWLND LQ YDUQRVWL9SUYLKPHVHFLKNRãHQHORþLRVWURPDWH- ULQHJDREUD]DLQ]DQMPDWLãHQLQHQDGRPHVWOMLYYLU XJRGMDLQYDUQRVWLODåMHSUHQHVHORþLWHYRGPDWHUH 1HQDGRPHVWOMLYRSRWUHEXMHQHåQRLQOMXEHþRRVHER QDM ER NGRU NROL 9 GUXJL SRORYLFL SUYHJD OHWD SD PDWHULQ OLN GREL YHþML SRPHQ LQ ORþLWHY RG PDWHUH JDSUL]DGHQHåHELVWYHQREROM1MHJRYRRG]LYDQMHMH SRGREQRRG]LYDQMXPDOþND
0DOþHN=DSUHGãROVNHJDRWURNDMHORþLWHYRGPDPH NL MH ãH YHGQR Y VUHGLãþX SR]RUQRVWL ]HOR EROHþD 2WURNMRNDNULþLLQWXGLSULMD]QR]GUDYVWYHQRRVHEMH PXMHQHPRUHQDGRPHVWLWL0RþQRJDMHVWUDK âROVNLRWURNSUHQDãDNUDWNRWUDMQRELYDQMHYEROQLãQLFL PQRJRODåMH7USLSUHGYVHP]DUDGLEROH]QLEROHþLQ WHUQHSULMHWQLKSUHLVNDYLQ]GUDYOMHQMDQDRVHEMHY EROQLãQLFLSDVH]HORKLWURQDYDGL0DUVLNDWHULRWURN GRåLYOMDELYDQMHYEROQLãQLFLNRWSRVHEQRGRJRGLY- ãþLQRLQYVHWHJREHWXGLNPDOXSR]DEL
'UXJDþHMHSULQHSULODJRGOMLYHPWHURVHEQRVWQRDOL þXVWYHQRPRWHQHPRWURNX
62%,9$1-(67$5â(92752.,1 ZDRAVSTVENIH DELAVCEV
5D]HQ L]MHPRPD QSU Y þDVX SRJRVWLK SUHKODGQLK EROH]QL þDV RELVNRY LQ ãWHYLOR RELVNRYDOFHY QD 3HGLDWULþQL NOLQLNL Y /MXEOMDQL QL RPHMHQR 6WDUãL R]VSUHPOMHYDOFLVRODKNRREEROQHPRWURNXYHVþDV ]GUDYOMHQMD 1D OHåLãþXob otrokovi postelji lahko SRþLYDMRYHQRLQGYRSRVWHOMQLEROQLãNLVRELSDVWD tudi televizija in kopalnica.
=D HQHJD RG VWDUãHY MH VRELYDQMH RE RWURNX NL YNOMXþXMH WXGL WUL REURNH KUDQH QD GDQ GR OHWD EUH]SODþQR3ODþQLNFHORWQHRVNUEHMH===62VWDOL VWDUãLPRUDMRPDWHULDOQHVWURãNHSRYH]DQH]ELYDQ-
MHPYFHORWLSRUDYQDWLVDPL=L]MHPRVWDUãHYNLVR sprejeti zaradi usposabljanja za nadaljnjo rehabilita- FLMRQDGRPXGRSODþDMRFHQHVSUHPOMHYDOFD 2WURFLVRGHOHåQLYVHKYUVWSRPRþL=DSURJUDPLUD- no in usmerjeno igro ter za razvedrilo in zaposlitev otrok na vsakem oddelku skrbi vzgojitelj oz. vzgo- MLWHOMLFD ãRORREYH]QL RWURFL SD RELVNXMHMR EROQLã- QLþQRãROR=DSULMHWQHMãHELYDQMHLQVPHKSRVNUELMR ]GUDYQLNLNORYQLLQNORYQHVHVWDOQLFDVRSRVWDOLWXGL obiski pasjih prijateljev.
6WDUãLODKNRNDGDUNROL]DSXVWLMREROQLãQLFRRWURND SDYWHPþDVX]DPRWLSURVWRYROMHFþHVLWHJDRWURN VHYHGDåHOL
2WURNRPLQQMLKRYLPVWDUãHPVHVNXãDPRSUHGVWDYL- WLNRWSULMD]QDEROQLãQLFD]DWRQDþUWXMHPRSUHLVNDYH WDNRGDELELORELYDQMHYQMHMþLPNUDMãH
3UL]DGHYDPR VL GD EL ELOD ]GUDYVWYHQD REUDYQDYD NDNRYRVWQD LQ XþLQNRYLWD YHQGDU VPR WXGL ]GUDY- VWYHQL GHODYFL VDPR OMXGMH ,PDPR ãWHYLOQH YUOLQH D WXGL QDSDNH /DKNR VH WRUHM ]PRWLPR VH SD YVL PRþQRWUXGLPRGDELELORQDSDNSULQDãHPGHOXþLP PDQM6VYRMLPGHORYDQMHPLQVSRUD]XPHYDQMHPV VRGHODYFLWHUVVWDUãLLQRWURNLNLVRQDãLªXSRUDE- QLNL©VRXVWYDUMDPRSRVHEQHPHGVHERMQHRGQRVHY NDWHULKVH]DUDGL]DXSDQMDLQLVNUHQRVWLYHþLQDSRþX- WLYDUQRâWHYLOQLGRJRGNLYåLYOMHQMXSRVDPH]QLND ODKNRYSOLYDMRQDQHUD]XPQRRG]LYDQMHLQUDYQDQMH EROH]HQEOLåQMHJDSRVHEQRRWURNDSDãHSRVHEHM 9þDVLKYPHGVHERMQLKRGQRVLKREþXWLPRQDSHWRVW VDMYVDNQDVYRMQDþLQL]UDåDþXVWYD6WDUãLVHWHåNR VSRSDGHMR]RWURNRYRåDORVWMRLQEROHþLQRLQQMLKR- YDåHOMDMHGDJDþLPEROM]DãþLWLPRSUHGWHJREDPL tega sveta.
SODELOVANJE STARŠEV PRI ',$*1267,ý127(5$3(976.,+
POSEGIH IN ZDRAVSTVENI NEGI OTROKA
3UDYLFD GR SULVRWQRVWL VWDUãHY SUL SUHLVNDYDK LQ SUHJOHGLK MH ]DSLVDQD Y þOHQX OLVWLQH ($&+
(YURSVNHJD]GUXåHQMD]DSUDYLFHRWURNYEROQLãQLFL 3ULVRWQRVWVWDUãHYGREURYSOLYDQDRWURNRYRþXVWYH- QRLQGXãHYQRSRþXWMH
'D EL ODKNR VRGHORYDOL SUL QHJL EROQHJD RWURND PRUDMRVWDUãLSR]QDWLKLãQLUHGQDRGGHONX
9NROLNãQLPHULODKNRQHJREROQHJDRWURNDSUHSXVWL- PRPDWHUL"-DVQRMHGDMLODKNRSUHSXVWLPRWLVWLGHO QHJHNLQH]DKWHYDSRVHEQHVWURNRYQHL]REUD]EHLQ NL MR ODKNR WXGL Y GRPDþHP RNROMX ODKNR RSUDYOMD ODLN QSU VYRMFL VRVHGMH =DKWHYQHMãD RSUDYLOD SD PRUDSUHY]HWLR]MLKãHQDSUHML]YDMDWLPHGLFLQVND VHVWUD
9HþLQD VWDUãHY PHQL GD SUDY QMLKRYD SULVRWQRVW RGORþLOQR YSOLYD QD WR GD RWURFL KLWUHMH RNUHYDMR (QDNHJDPQHQMDSDMHOHSRORYLFDYSUDãDQLKPHGL- FLQVNLKVHVWHUQDLQWHQ]LYQHPRGGHONXPHGWHPNR MLKNDUSRORYLFDPHQLGDVWDOQDSULVRWQRVW]DRWUR- NRYRRNUHYDQMHQLSRWUHEQD
=DUD]MDVQLWHYEROH]HQVNLKVWDQMLQSRVWDYLWHYSUDYH diagnoze pa moramo pogosto izvesti vrsto diag- QRVWLþQRWHUDSHYWVNLK SRVHJRY NL VR EROM DOL PDQM EROHþL
=DYHþLQRRWURNVWDYHQVNLRGY]HPNUYLLQYVWDYLWHY NDQLOH QDMEROM VWUHVQL GRJRGHN NL JD GRåLYL PHG ]GUDYOMHQMHPYEROQLãQLFL
1D3HGLDWULþQLNOLQLNLY/MXEOMDQLRGY]HPNUYLíSR QDYRGLOX ]GUDYQLND NL MH VWDUãHP åH SUHM UD]ORåLO ]DNDMMHSRWUHEHQíRSUDYLGLSORPLUDQDPHGLFLQVND sestra.
2WURNXLQVWDUãHPRERGY]HPXQDUD]XPOMLYQDþLQ UD]ORåLPRNDMERPRSRþHOLLQNDMSULþDNXMHPRRG QMLK=DSRJRYRUVLY]DPHPRWROLNRþDVDNROLNRUMH SRWUHEQRýHLPDRWURNVODEHL]NXãQMHVL]DSRJR- YRU Y]DPHPR YHþ þDVD 9þDVLK RSUDYLPR RGY]HP NDU PLPRJUHGH RE VSURãþHQHP SRJRYRUX LQ EUH]
QDY]RþQRVWLGUXJLKRVHE
2WURNX RGNULWR LQ SRãWHQR SRYHPR GD JD ER RE YERGX LJOH ]DEROHOR ýHWXGL ]DJRWRYL GD QH ER L]PDNQLO URNH PX MR YHGQR SULGUåL PHGLFLQVND VHVWUD6HVWDYQLGHOSRVHJDMHSVLKLþQDSULSUDYDQD RGY]HPNLMHRGYLVQDRGVWDURVWLRWURNDQMHJRYHJD VRGHORYDQMDEROH]QLWHUSUHWHNOLKL]NXãHQMNLQLVR vedno dobre. Pri pripravi se z otrokom pogovarja- PRPX]DSRMHPRSRQXGLPRGXGRJD]DPRWLPR]
JODVERLQULVDQNRYþDVLKsodeluje tudi vzgojitelj.
1DMYHþNUDW RSUDYLPR RGY]HP NUYL WDNR GD RWURN VHGL3ULPODMãLKRWURFLKNLMLKQHPRUHPR]DGUåDWL YVHGHþHPSRORåDMXWHUSULGRMHQþNLKLQRWURFLKNL
MLP åH RE SRJOHGX QD NUL SRVWDQH VODER RSUDYLPR SRVHJYOHåHþHPSRORåDMX
.ROLNRþDVDQDPHQLPRSVLKLþQLSULSUDYLMHRGYLVQR RGRWURNDQDYDGQRYHþþDVDQDPHQLPR]DKWHYQHM- ãLP RWURNRP QSU RWURNRP V SRVHEQLPL SRWUHED- PL8SRãWHYDPRRWURNRYRGRVWRMDQVWYRLQQMHJRYH SRWUHEH *OHGH QD L]NXãQMH NL MLK LPD PHGLFLQVND VHVWUDVSUHGKRGQLPLRGY]HPLSULLVWHPRWURNXVH VNXSDM]RWURNRPLQVWDUãLRGORþLNGRERSULRGY]H- mu prisoten. Pri odvzemu krvi vedno sodelujeta dve medicinski sestri. Tudi ko otroka pridobimo za sodelovanje pri posegu in mu v oporo stojijo QMHJRYLVWDUãLJDMHãHYHGQRPRþQRVWUDK.RVHSR ODKNRWQHPSRJRYRUXYHQGDUOHVSURVWLVHåLODUD]ãLUL LQRGY]HPNUYL]ODKNDVWHþH
2WURFLLPDMRåHNRWQRYRURMHQþNLL]MHPQRUD]YLWþXW ]D ]D]QDYDQMH 2WURN QDSHWRVW LQ åLYþQRVW ]ODKND ]DþXWL7DNRVHSRRVHEL]REþXWNLLQUD]SRORåHQMHP VWDUãHYWHUMLKSRVQHPDWXGLVDPSRVWDQHQHPLUHQ LQMRNDYJXEDþHORGHODJULPDVHLQNULþLYþDVLKSD VDPRMHþLVHSUHPLNDEUFDRWUGLLQVH]YLMD 2WURND SRORåLPR QD SUHLVNRYDOQR PL]R LQ JD RE SULSUDYL QD SRVHJ QHåQR RJRYDUMDPR 9 WHP WUH- QXWNXMH]HORGREURGRãODGXGD2WURNXSUHGYDMDPR QHåQRJODVERLQPXSRQXGLPRNDNãQRGUXJRJODV- EHQRLJUDþRDOLQDMOMXEãRQLQLFR7XGLPDPDODKNRV SHVWRYDQMHP]]LEDQMHPERåDQMHPLQPDVLUDQMHP RWURNDKLWURXPLUL1HNDWHULPDOþNLMRNDMRNULþLMR mlatijo z rokami in nogami ter si zakrivajo obraz.
2PHMHQRVW JLEDQMD EROHþLQD RE YERGX QHSR]QDQL OMXGMHKUXSJODVQRJRYRUMHQMHLQORSXWDQMH]YUDWL VR ODKNR Y]URN GD VH RWURN PRþQR Y]QHPLUL LQ YþDVLKFHORL]JXELQDG]RUQDGVYRMLPREQDãDQMHP 2WURFLVRWDNRYHOLNRNUDWMH]QLQDVYRMHVWDUãHLQMLP JRYRULMRGDMLKQHPDUDMRODKNRVRFHORQDSDGDOQL 6UHþDPRSDWXGLRWURNHNLVHQHXSLUDMRLQQHSUR- testirajo.
6RWUPDVWLGYROHWQLNLLQWUPDVWLSXEHUWHWQLNL
OTROKOVI STARŠI
6WUDKSUHGSRVHJRPLQEROHþLQHNLMLKGRåLYOMDRWURN QLVRQHSULMHWQLVDPR]DRWURNDDPSDNWXGL]DVWDUãH 'DELVHVWDUãLQDRGGHONXGREURSRþXWLOLPRUDPR]
QMLPLY]SRVWDYLWLGREURRGQRVWHUSRVNUEHWL]DXþLQ- NRYLWR VSRUD]XPHYDQMH LQ SRWUSHåOMLYRVW 3RQXGLWL MLP VNXãDPR RVQRYQR þORYHãNR SRPRþ SUL ]PDQ- MãHYDQMX VWLVN 9þDVLK FHOR GRELPR YWLV GD VDPL sprostitev potrebujejo precej bolj kot njihovi otroci.
2ELþDMQR VWDUãL GREUR VRGHOXMHMR ] ]GUDYVWYHQLP RVHEMHP 9HGQR SD MLK PRUDPR VH]QDQLWL ] RWUR- NRYLPL WHåDYDPL LQ SRWUHEDPL MLK SRPLULWL LQ MLP SRPDJDWL GD VSR]QDMR GD MH QMLKRY RWURN QHRG- YLVQD RVHEQRVW V VYRMLPL QDþLQL VSRSULMHPDQMDQMD s stresom.
6WDUãL SRJRVWR GRåLYOMDMR ELVWYHQR YHþML QRWUDQMR VWLVNR LQ QDSHWRVW NRW QMLKRYL RWURFL VDM VH GREUR ]DYHGDMR SRVOHGLF NL MLK ODKNR SULQHVH EROH]HQ 1DMSRJRVWHMãHRG]LYDQMHVWDUãHYVHNDåHQDUD]OLþQH QDþLQH
• 2EþXWNLNULYGH6WDUãLPHQLMRGDMHRWURN]ER- lel zaradi njihove nepazljivosti in da bi lahko SUHSUHþLOLEROH]HQþHELELOLEROMVNUEQLýHSUDY VNXãDMRVNULWLVYRMHVWUDKRYHRWURN]DþXWLQMLK- ovo vznemirjenje.
• 3UHNRPHUQD ]DVNUEOMHQRVW 6WDUãL RWURND QHQH- KQRVSUDãXMHMRRQMHJRYHPSRþXWMXLQVHSRJR- varjajo le o njegovi bolezni. Tako otrok niti za trenutek ne more pozabiti na svojo bolezen in GRELQDSDþHQYWLVGDVHPXEROH]HQVNRVWDQMH VODEãDþHSUDYYUHVQLFLVSORKQLWDNR
• 3UHNRPHUQDQHJD6WDUãLREUDYQDYDMRLQQHJXMH- MRRWURNDNRW]HOREROQRRVHERþHSUDYEROH]HQ QLWDNRKXGD6SUHWLUDQR]DãþLWQLãNLPYHGHQMHP SRJRVWRQDGDOMXMHMRWXGLNRMHRWURNåH]GUDY Tako otroka dobesedno »silijo« v bolezensko REQDãDQMHLQY]JDMDMRKLSRKRQGULþQRRVHEQRVW 2WURN VH ]DþQH WXGL VDP SUHWLUDQR XNYDUMDWL V VYRMLPSRþXWMHPýHSUDYMHQDSRVOHG]GUDYSUL- þDNXMH LQ ]DKWHYD VWDOQR QHJR WHU VH ãH QDSUHM SRþXWLEROQHJD
.$.2'2ä,9/-$0235,6271267 STARŠEV IZVAJALCI ZDRAVSTVENE NEGE
,]YDMDOFL ]GUDYVWYHQH QHJH RWURND VSUHPOMDPR SUL GLDJQRVWLþQRWHUDSHYWVNLKSRVHJLKNLMLKL]YDMDPR
Odgovornost za zadovoljevanje otrokovih potreb MHWXGLQDãDþHSUDY]DRWURNDVNUELQMHJRYDPDPD Pri svojem delu uporabljamo znanje in spretnosti XþLQNRYLWHJD VSRUD]XPHYDQMD LQ QD WD QDþLQ VNX- ãDPR SUHSR]QDWL WXGL VYRMH REþXWNH GD VH ODKNR ] QMLPL VSRSDGHPR 2WURFL WHJD ãH QH ]QDMR SUL L]UDåDQMXþXVWHYLQVRRþDQMX]QMLPLVLSRPDJDMR]
LJUR
1HQHKQRLVNDQMHSUDYLKEHVHGLQGHMDQMNLL]UDåDMR QDãR VNUE ]D GUXJHJD LQ XVWUH]DMR RVHEQRVWL SRVD- PH]QLNDERJDWLQDãHåLYOMHQMH
7HPHOMQH SRWUHEH NURQLþQR EROQLK RWURN VR HQDNH SRWUHEDPGUXJLKRWURNYHQGDUVHPRUDPRSRJRVWR ELVWYHQREROMSRWUXGLWLGDMLK]DGRYROMLPR7RYHOMD WDNR ]D GXãHYQR NRW ]D WHOHVQR SUL]DGHWH RWURNH 1MLKRYHSRWUHEHQLNDNRUQLVRRGYLVQHRGWHJDNDNR GREURVHL]UDåDMR]EHVHGDPLNDMYLGLMRLQNROLNR VOLãLMRLSG
=DQDVSDYHOMDVOHGHþHýLPEROMQHNDMREYODGDPR EROM VPR VDPR]DYHVWQL =DWR YDGLPR LQ UD]YLMDPR VYRMHVSUHWQRVWLR]VSRVREQRVWLQDUD]OLþQLKSRG- URþMLK
5HVMHGREHUREþXWHNNRGREURGHMQRVWQDãLKPLVOL REþXWNRY LQ GHMDQM SUL]QDMR WXGL GUXJL WDNR VWDUãL kot tudi sodelavci.
7XGL PL VL åHOLPR UD]YLMDWL RVHEQR LQWHJULWHWR VDPRVSRãWRYDQMH LQ RGJRYRUQRVW åHOLPR ]DþX- WLWL GD VPR YUHGQL þODQL NROHNWLYD 3UHSRJRVWR VH GRJDMD GD SRVOXãDPR D Y UHVQLFL QH VOLãLPR 1DVWRSLMRSRPDQMNDQMHPRWLYDFLMHREþXWHNQHPRþL WHU YVH YHþML QH]DQLPDQMH LQ SDVLYQRVW 9 YVDNHP L]PHGQDVVHVNULYDYHOLNRYUOLQNL]DþDVQRªVSLMR©
GRNOHUMLKUHVQLþQRQHSRWUHEXMHPR
9þDVLKVPRSRVWDYOMHQLSUHGYUVWRLGHDOLVWLþQLK]DK- WHYNLVHQDQDãDMRQDL]YDMDQMHSRVHJRY,PDPRGYH PRåQRVWL GD SRSXVWLPR SULþDNRYDQMX VWDUãHY LQ ]GUDYQLNRY DOL PHMR GRORþLPR VDPL 3UL NURQLþQR bolnih otrocih se lahko postopki nenehno ponavlja- MRLQVWDUãLQDPQH]DXSDMRYHþ
9VDNþODQWLPDLJUDYåLYOMHQMXRWURNDWRþQRGROR- þHQR YORJR7DNR ]DVOLãLã RWURND NR SUDYL ª7R MH SDRQDNLSLND«,QVWHPPLVOLQDEROHþLQRNLVPR PXMRSRY]URþLOL
=DWR VH SRJRVWR VRRþDPR WXGL ] REþXWML NULYGH SUHGYVHP WDNUDW NR YVH QH SRWHND WDNR NRW EL
PRUDOR 1LVPR YVHPRJRþQL LQ QLVPR þXGRGHOniki.
9HQGDU SD ODKNR VWRULPR PDUVLNDM GD RWURNX RODM- ãDPR GRåLYOMDQMH QMHJRYH EROH]QL LQ ELYDQMH Y EROQLãQLFL
6HYHGDãH]GDOHþQLSULMHWQRþHVRVWDUãLSULþDQDãLP PRUHELWQLP QHXVSHKRP VH SD RE XVSHãQR L]YHGH- QHPXSRVHJXVNXSDMLVNUHQRYHVHOLPR3UDYMHGDR tem spregovorimo tudi s sodelavci.
$OLLPDPRVSRVREQRVWGDREþXWLPRWXGLSRWUHEHLQ þXVWYDVRGHODYFHY"
Ali zmoremo odkrito spregovoriti o svojih mislih in ELWLLVNUHQL"$OL]QDPRSRND]DWLSULVWQR]DQLPDQMH RWHPNDMVRGHODYNDDOLVRGHODYHFUD]PLãOMDLQNDM þXWL"7RQLNDNRUQHSRPHQLGDELPRUDOLQHQHKQR SULSRYHGRYDWLRVYRMLKWHåDYDKLQEUHPHQLK$WXLQ WDPODKNRRVYRMLKREþXWNLKPLUQRVSUHJRYRULPR
$OLQLPDPRYVLWXLQWDPWHåDY]LVNDQMHPQDþLQD NDNR QDM VH REQDãDPR GR VWDUãHY LQ RELVNRYDOFHY GDERGRYVL]DGRYROMQL"
%OLåLQRXVWYDULPRWDNUDWNRVHVDPLRGSUHPRLQQLNR- OLWDNUDWNRREVRMDPRGUXJHLQPRUDPRLPHWLSUDY
1$0(1â(327(.$-2ý(5$=,6.$9(
1D.OLQLþQHPRGGHONX]DRWURãNRPODGRVWQLãNRLQ UD]YRMQRQHYURORJLMR3HGLDWULþQHNOLQLNHRSD]XMHPR LQVL]DSLVXMHPRþDVSULSUDYHQDRGY]HPNUYLþDV RGY]HPD SULVRWQRVW VWDUãHY QMLKRYR RG]LYDQMH XVSHãQRVWSULRGY]HPXUD]OLþQHWHKQLNHSUHXVPHU- janja pozornosti in njihov vpliv na kakovost izved- be posega.
= UD]LVNDYR EL UDGL XJRWRYLOL LQ SRWUGLOL GD VH GHOR ] RWURNRP LQ QMHJRYLPL VWDUãL R] VNUEQLNL Y ]GUDYVWYXUD]OLNXMHRGGHOD]RGUDVOLPEROQLNRPGD otroci ne zmorejo sodelovati na naþLQ ki velja za RGUDVOHOMXGLLQGD]GUDYVWYHQLGHODYFLYRWURãNHP ]GUDYVWYXSRWUHEXMHPR]DL]YHGERGLDJQRVWLþQRWH- UDSHYWVNHJD SRVHJD SUL RWURNX YHþ þDVD LQ YþDVLK WXGLYHþVRGHOXMRþLKRVHE
.DNR SRWHND GLDJQRVWLþQL SRVHJ LQ NDNãQD MH QMH- JRYDNDNRYRVWMHRGYLVQRWXGLRGRWURNRYHVWDURVWL RWURND QMHJRYHJD ]GUDYVWYHQHJD VWDQMD LQ VSRVRE- nosti sodelovanja. Kakovost posega pa je odvisna WXGLRGVRGHORYDQMDVWDUãHYSULSRVHJX
ýHSUDYSUL]GUDYVWYHQLREUDYQDYLRWURNDYEROQLãQLFL namenimo odvzemX NUYL YHOLNR þDVD LQ SR]RU- QRVWL WHJD GHOD WUHQXWQR QH PRUHPR RYUHGQRWL- ti. Prikazovanje delovne obremenitve izvajalcev ]GUDYVWYHQH QHJH QD 3HGLDWULþQL NOLQLNL LQ V WHP potreba po osebju po mnenju medicinskih sester ni REMHNWLYQRVDM6ORYHQVNDNDWHJRUL]DFLMD]DKWHYQRV- WL EROQLãQLþQH ]GUDYVWYHQH QHJH PHG ND]DOQLNL R]
PHULOLRGY]HPDNUYLQHQDYDMD3UDYWDNRVLåHOLPR LQ XSDPR GD ERPR Y SULKRGQRVWL QDãOL VRJRYRU- QLND NL EL UD]XPHO GD SULVRWQRVW GRMHþH PDWHUH DOL VSUHPOMHYDONH QH PRUH YSOLYDWL QD SUHXþHYDQR kategorijo.
1D SHGLDWULþQHP RGGHONX ERVWRQVNH PHVWQH ERO- QLãQLFH VR L]YHGOL GYH UD]LVNDYL JOHGH SULVRWQRVWL VWDUãHY SUL SUHLVNDYDK 9 SUYL UD]LVNDYL MH VWDUãHYYHþLQDPDPLFL]UD]LORåHOMRSRSULVRWQRVWL SUL RGY]HPLK NUYL LQ YVWDYLWYL LQWUDYHQVNH NDQLOH Y GUXJL SD VDPR 9 SUYL UD]LVNDYL VR ELOL ]GUDYVWYHQLGHODYFLWLVWLNLVRPHQLOLLQVSRGEXMDOL VWDUãH N SULVRWQRVWL Y GUXJL SD VR ± QDVSURWQR ± ]GUDYVWYHQL GHODYFL WUGLOL GD MH SULVRWQRVW VWDUãHY RGYHþ NHU MH RWURN ]DUDGL SULVRWQRVWL VWDUãHY FHOR EROMY]QHPLUMHQ6WDUãLSRQMLKRYHPPQHQMXWXGLQH razumejo postopkov in s svojo prisotnostjo vznemi- UMDMR]GUDYQLND.DU]GUDYQLNRYMHPHQLORGD SULVRWQRVW VWDUãHY QH NRULVWL QH RWURNX QH VWDUãHP 2GORþLWHY R VSUHPOMDQMX RWURND QL ELOD RGYLVQD RG ]GUDYQLND
=$./-8ý(.
9]DGQMLKGYDMVHWLKOHWLKVRVHYREUDYQDYLRWURND ]JRGLOH YHOLNH VSUHPHPEH 6SUHMHP RWURND Y ERO- QLãQLFR VNXSDM ] QMHJRYR PDPR MH VDPRXPHYHQ RELVNL QLVR YHþ þDVRYQR RPHMHQL UD]YHGULOX LQ ]DSRVOLWYL RWURN VH SRVYHþD YHOLNR OMXGL 2WURNRP QLYEROQLFLQLNROLGROJþDV&HORQDVSURWQRQHNDWHUL SUDYLMRGDVRWDNR]DSRVOHQLGDNRPDMþDNDMRGD RVWDQHMRVDPL
6WUDKLQQDPLãOMHQHERMD]QLNLMLKRWURNGRåLYOMDY þDVXEROH]QLVRRGYLVQHRGSUHWHNOLKL]NXãHQMNLMLK je nabral v odnosu do ljudi.
6WDUãLVRYHVþDVYNOMXþHQLYVNUE]DVYRMHJDRWUR- ND6SURWLVHGRJRYDUMDPRRQMLKRYLSULVRWQRVWLSUL PHGLFLQVNRWHKQLþQLK SRVHJLK 2WURND VWDUãL QH åHOLMRQHSUHVWDQRVSUHPOMDWLYHþLQRPDQDPSRSRO- QRPD ]DXSDMR LQ YHUMDPHMR GD MH QMLKRY RWURN Y varnih rokah in da bomo zanj dobro poskrbeli.
ª=DXSDP PHGLFLQVNLP VHVWUDP LQprav nobenega UD]ORJDQLGDVHPSULVRWQDRERGY]HPXNUYL9HP GDYWDSRVHJPHGLFLQVNHVHVWUHYORåLWHYHOLNRWUXGD LQGDQDUHGLWHYVHGDMHRWURNXþLPODåMH9HPGD WXGLPHGLFLQVNLPVHVWUDPQLYVHHQRþHSUYLSRL]NXV RGY]HPDQHXVSHLQMHSRWUHEHQãHHGHQ©MHUHNOD ena od mamic.
6R WXGL RWURFL NL VSUHPVWYR VWDUãHY RGNORQLMR ª9HPNDMPHþDND0HGWHPNRVLERPHGLFLQVND VHVWUD RJOHGRYDOD PRMH åLOH VL ERP RJOHGDO PDOR ULVDQNHQDWRPHER]ERGODLQPHGWHPNRERSRO- QLODVWHNOHQLþNHERPSRQRYQRJOHGDOULVDQNR$OL SD QH« 0RJRþH ER VWHNOHQLþN þLVWR PDOR LQ ERP GRELOVDPRãHãWDPSLOMNRDOLVOLþLFR«.UDVQHVOLþLFH LPDMR«.DUSRþDNDMYVRELSULGHPWDNRM«
6WDUãHP LQ RWURNRP SRPDJDPR GD L]UD]LMR NDU PLVOLMRLQþXWLMR
9VLVPRQDLVWHPYODNX=DNDMQHELSRVNUEHOLGDER QDãHSUHKRGQRGUXåHQMHPLQLORY]DGRYROMVWYRYVHK LQVþLPPDQMVWUHVD"2GJRYRUQRVW]DL]YHGERSRWL GRFLOMDVLGHOLPRYVLQDãLRWURFLQMLKRYLVWDUãLLQ zdravstveni delavci.
LITERATURA
%UDWDQLþ%3RPHQVRELYDQMDPDWHULQRWURNY EROQLãQLFL=ERUQLN/MXEOMDQD8VWDQRYD ]DSHGLDWULþQRNOLQLNR
%UFDU39RGQLNSR]GUDYVWYHQLKSUDYLFDKRWURN PODGRVWQLNRY LQ PODGRVWQLF /MXEOMDQD 81,-
&()6ORYHQLMD
3. âYDMQFHU 0 +RVSLWDOL]LUDQ RWURN Y SURFHVX zdravstvene nege-naloge kontinuirane nege.
2E]RUQ=GU1
.UDQMHF7.UDãRYHF53ULPRåLþ-6RåLWMHVWDU- ãHY RWURN PHGLFLQVNLK VHVWHU LQ ]GUDY7HKQL- NRYYþDVX]GUDYOMHQMDRWURNYEROQLãQLFL2E]
=GU
0LNXã.RV $ .DNR RWURN GRåLYOMD EROH]HQ /MXEOMDQD&DQNDUMHYD]DORåED
6. 6SLWQHWWD--6SLWQHWWD3'.XQJ)+'UXåLQDLQ HPRFLMHþXVWYHQLYLGLNLRWURNDLQPODGRVWQL- NDREROHOHJD]DNUYQLPUDNRP0DULERU 6ORYHQVNRGUXãWYRVWDUãHYRWURN]UDNRP -XXO-'UXåLQHVNURQLþQREROQLPLRWURFL/MX-
EOMDQD ,QãWLWXW ]D VRGREQR GUXåLQR 0D- nami.
8. .DLQ=0D\HV/:DQJ60&DUDPLFR/3D- UHQWDOSUHVHQFHDQGD6HGDWLYH3UHPHGLFDQWIRU
&KLOGUHQ 8QGHUJRLQJ 6XUJHU\ $SULO $ +LHUDUFKLFDO 6WXG\$PHULFDQ 6RFLHW\ RI $QH- sthesiologists.
.RQWDNWQDRVHED&RQWDFWSHUVRQ 0LOHQD5RJHOMGLSOPV
.OLQLþQLRGGHOHN]DRWURãNRPODGRVWQLãNRLQUD]YRM- QRQHYURORJLMR
3HGLDWULþQDNOLQLND
8QLYHU]LWHWQLNOLQLþQLFHQWHU/MXEOMDQD Ljubljana
6ORYHQLMD
Email: milena.rogelj@kclj.si 3ULVSHOR5HFHLYHG 6SUHMHWR$FFHSWHG
